Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) A Practice Exam

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What should patients taking metronidazole be advised to avoid?

Caffeine
High-sugar foods
Alcohol
Spicy foods

The correct answer is: Alcohol

Patients taking metronidazole should be advised to avoid alcohol due to the potential for serious and unpleasant reactions. When alcohol is consumed during treatment with metronidazole, it can lead to a disulfiram-like reaction, which may cause symptoms such as flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations. This reaction occurs because metronidazole inhibits the metabolism of alcohol, leading to an accumulation of acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism. This recommendation is crucial to ensure the safety and comfort of the patient while undergoing treatment with metronidazole, which is commonly prescribed for various bacterial infections and some parasitic infections. Thus, the advice to abstain from alcohol is an important aspect of patient education in managing side effects and promoting effective treatment.